Improved Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] following optimization of culture conditions and mechanical techniques

Hada, Alkesh; Krishnan, Veda; Mohamed Jaabir, M. S.; Archana Kumari,; Jolly, Monica; Praveen, Shelly; Sachdev, Archana

Improved Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] following optimization of culture conditions and mechanical techniques

2018

In the present study, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean) cv. DS-9712 using half-seed explants was optimized for eight different parameters, including seed imbibition, medium pH, infection mode (sonication and vacuum infiltration), co-cultivation conditions, concentrations of supplementary compounds, and selection. Using this improved protocol, maximum transformation of 14% and regeneration efficiencies of 45% were achieved by using explants prepared from mature seeds imbibed for 36 h, infected with A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 at an optical density (OD₆₀₀) of 0.8, suspended in pH 5.4 medium containing 0.2 mM acetosyringone and 450 mg L⁻¹ L-cysteine, followed by sonication for 10 s, vacuum infiltration for 2 min, and co-cultivated for 3 d on 35 mg L⁻¹ kanamycin-containing medium. Independent transgenic lines were confirmed to be transgenic after ß-glucuronidase histochemical assays, polymerase chain reaction, and southern hybridization analysis. The protocol developed in the present study showed high regeneration efficiency within a relatively short time of 76 d. This rapid and efficient protocol might overcome some hurdles associated with the genetic manipulation of soybean.

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