Therapeutic Feasibility of the Natural Products in the Heart Complaints: An Overview
2021
Souza, Priscila de | Mariano, Luísa Nathália Bolda | da Silva, Rita de Cássia M.V.A.F. | Gasparotto, Francielli | Lourenço, Emerson Luiz Botelho | Donadel, Guilherme | Boeing, Thaise | Gasparotto Junior, Arquimedes
Heart pain is the most frequent complaint leading patients to seek medical help. Functional heart symptoms, especially chest pain, are prevalent and, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), are described as “somatoform autonomous functional disorders of the cardiovascular system.” The problem lies in the fact that pain does not always have a somatic background, that is, it may be related to crucial underlying heart disease. The population does not know how to differentiate somatic pain from significant ischemic symptoms, and based on the patient's complaints, traditional medicine ends up treating other underlying cardiac diseases. Many unsuccessful unconventional therapies have been proposed in recent years, including herbal medicines that seek to disrupt the disease's pathogenesis. The present review summarizes research carried out in the last 5 years on natural products' heart complaints, including myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Several herbal medicines may be used as a replacement or complementary treatment strategy. A total of 17 medicinal plants have shown promising results in preclinical studies. However, human clinical trials are scarce; only two have been presented. Generally, the data are bland, and many issues have been raised about herbal therapies' safety, efficacy, and mode of action. Besides, relevant clinical trials, future perspectives, and possible clinical applications are discussed.
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