Effect of single-screw extruder die temperature, amount of distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and initial moisture content on extrudates
2005
Shukla, C.Y. | Muthukumarappan, K. | Julson, J.L.
Corn distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) was extruded with corn meal in a pilot plant single-screw extruder at different extruder die temperatures (100, 120, and 150 degrees C), levels of DDGS (0, 10, 20, and 30%) and initial moisture contents (11, 15, and 20% wb). In general, there was a decrease in water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), radial expansion, and L* value with an increase in DDGS level, whereas a* value and bulk density increased. Increase in extruder die temperature resulted in an increase in WSI and WAI but a decrease in L* and bulk density. Peak load was highest at 30% DDGS as compared with 0, 10, and 20% DDGS extrudates. Die temperature of 120 degrees C and initial moisture content of 20% resulted in least peak load. The a* value remained unaffected by changes in extruder die temperature. Radial expansion was highest at extruder die temperature of 120 degrees C. Maximum WAI, WSI, radial expansion, and L* value were obtained at 15% initial moisture content. An increase in initial moisture content, in general, decreased L* value and bulk density but increased a* value of extrudates.
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