Fumonisin B1 alters cell cycle progression and interleukin-2 synthesis in swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Marin, Daniela E. | Gouze, Marie-Estelle | Taranu, Ionelia | Oswald, Isabelle P.
Fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, a fungus that commonly contaminates maize. In the present study, we investigated the effects of FB₁ on swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by measuring cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and interleukin (IL)-2 production. Forty-eight hours after treatment in vitro, FB₁ induced a decrease of PBMC proliferation as measured by cell counting and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. This effect was observed starting with 10 μM FB₁. The effect of FB₁ on cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Incubation of PBMC with FB₁ increased the percentage of cells blocked in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Treatment with 200 μM FB₁ induces a high blockade of the cell cycle, with 92.4% of cells in G0/G1 phase. This blockade was observed in all lymphocyte subsets tested (CD2⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and Ig⁺) as evidenced by dual staining for DNA and membrane surface molecules. A significant decrease of IL2 production was also observed in the supernatants of ConA stimulated PBMC treated with 100 or 200 μM FB₁. In conclusion, these data suggest that FB₁ may affect immune functions by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and IL2 production, suggesting a possible role of FB₁ exposure during infectious disease and cancer.
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