Toxic compound levels in potatoes are dependent on cultivation methods
2013
Rytel, E. | Lisińska, G. | Tajner-Czopek, A.
The quality of potato tubers and their chemical composition are influenced by genetics as well as the soil fertility, weather conditions, the soil profile, and the chemical treatments that are applied. This field study on potato cultivation methods was conducted near Wrocław (Lower Silesia), Poland. The variables used in the study included the potato cultivar [Asterix, Pirol (medium-to-early maturing varieties) and Syrena (medium-to-late maturing variety)] and the potato cultivation technology (organic, integrated and conventional). The experiment was conducted from 2005 through 2007.The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of ecological (organic), integrated and conventional cultivation methods on the nitrate and glycoalkaloid content of potato tubers. The cultivation method was determined to have a significant effect on the toxic compound concentrations in the potato tubers. The lowest glycoalkaloid and nitrate (NO₃⁻) concentrations occurred in the potato tubers from the ecological plots. Mineral fertilization, especially the high N rates that were used in the conventional potato cultivation method, increased the glycoalkaloid content by 76% and the nitrate (NO₃⁻) content by 25%, as compared to the potato tubers from the ecological plots. Mineral fertilization in the integrated and conventional systems increased the chaconine content of potato tubers by 22%, as compared to the samples from the ecological plots, whereas the solanine content was the lowest in the potato samples collected from the plots cultivated in a conventional manner.
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