Lichen-based biosensor for the determination of benzene and 2-chlorophenol: microcalorimetric and amperometric investigations
2005
Antonelli, Marta Letizia | Campanella, Luigi | Ercole, Patrizia
Preliminary microcalorimetric studies have been performed to analyse the response of a whole epiphytic lichen tissue (Evernia prunastri) to 2-chlorophenol (2Cl-ϕ), a pollutant of oil mill waste-water, in order to evaluate whether the tissue might be used to assess the toxic characteristics of polluted waters. The obtained results (lichen viability expressed in hours, enthalpy variations for the 2Cl-ϕ/lichen interactions) were used to create a lichen-based biosensor that uses an amperometric oxygen electrode (a Clark electrode) as a transducer. The lichen catalyses aromatic ring cleavage (via pyrocatechase enzymes present in the lichen), and transforms aromatic substances like 2Cl-ϕ into muconic acid (C₆H₆O₄). Following a full electroanalytical characterisation, the performance of the proposed lichen biosensor was compared to that of a biosensor based on Pseudomonas putida cells, which was originally constructed to monitor benzene in different matrices (water, air, petrol and oil) and was tested in our laboratory previously.
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