Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana de bacterias endógenas contra Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
Gonzalez R., R. M. | Mendoza R., J. | Perez V., D. | A. Soler, y
One of the diseases with the greatest impact on the ‘MD-2’ hybrid pineapple is the decay of the heart or bud rot caused by Phytophthora nicotianae B. de Haan var. parasitica Dast. Waterh. Fungicides are the main solution to disease control, but their use is controversial because of the undesirable environmental effects they cause. In this sense the use of microorganisms has emerged as possible replacements of chemicals for the control of a wide range of diseases in plants. The control of this pathogen continues to be a problem of interest to the growers of the crop that motivates studies to evaluate other ecological alternatives, such as the use of microorganisms for prevention and control to reduce the effects of Phytophthora nicotianae to this crop. The objective of the research was to determine the in vitro antagonistic capacity of native strains of endophytic bacteria isolated from pineapple and banana crops in different regions of Martinique against two isolates of P. nicotianae. Eleven bacteria from the collection were selected. To evaluate the antagonism, the dual culture technique was performed in Petri dishes. The area of growth inhibition of the pathogen was measured and compared to the radial growth of the fungus on the control plates. With the measurements the percentage of radial growth inhibition (PICR) was obtained. All bacterial strains evaluated had an inhibitory effect on P. nicotianae strain CUBA. The strains Herbaspirillum huttiense, Bacillus toyonensis, Micronospora maritima, and Aureimonas altamirensis, exerted inhibitory action for strain PHY9. The percentage of inhibition of bacteria reached values above 50% in all cases, which makes them good candidates for future trials evaluating their effect on plants.
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