Constrained cooking energy choices: Understanding up-the-ladder stacking behaviour in Dar es Salaam Tanzania
2022
Alananga, Samwel Sanga | Igangula, Nurdin Husama
Despite of the promising benefits of modern and clean cooking energies, its adoption has been extraordinarily low in Tanzania principally owing to preferences for Dirty and Clean Energy Mixes (DCEMs) over Clean Energy Mixes (CEMs). This study examines this energy stacking behavior based on a 2018 survey dataset of 245 useable responses from Kigamboni district in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. It is notable that the energy transition is from Single Dirty Energy (SDE) or Dirty Energy Mixes (DEMs) towards CEMs via Single Clean Energy (SCE) i.e. LPG with DCEMs in both its lower and upper sides. This approach tends to lengthen the path of transition because CEMs for cooking purposes is only affordable to the minority very high SES class. As a result the majority poor are pushed into the dirty energy “trap” despite of the booming LPG market. Although LPG support initiatives can eliminate dirty non-commercial energies, such initiatives cannot solely be relied upon to reducing the domestic consumption of dirty commercial energies even at high SES. Policy options are two way; either to alleviate SES to the level that quicken the transition or adopt wider electrification alongside appliance subsidies or microfinance to enhance CEMs affordability.
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