Effect of polysaccharides from Vitis vinifera L. on NF-κB/IκB-α signal pathway and inflammatory factors in Alzheimer's model rats
Ma, Lijuan | Wang, Xuemei | Li, Yue | Xiao, Hui | Yuan, Fang
The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action underlying the effect of polysaccharide from Vitis vinifera L. (VTP) on the nuclear factor kappa B/inhibitor kappa B alpha (NF-κB/IκB-α) signaling pathway and related inflammatory factors in hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid-β 25–35 was injected into the hippocampus to establish AD model rats, and the rats were administered with donepezil and VTP. The levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The phosphorylation level, protein and gene expression of NF-κBp65 and IκB-α in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. VTP effectively improved the learning and memory ability of AD rats. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that VTP reduced the toxic effects of amyloid-β 25–35 on neurons in AD rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that VTP inhibited the expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the model group, the expression levels of NF-κBp65 in the nucleus of the VTP group decreased, which was consistent with the Western blotting results. The expression of p-IκB-α and IκB-α, and, the mRNA level of NF-κBp65 and IκB-α in VTP group were significantly decreased compared to that in the model group, indicating that VTP has a therapeutic effect on AD. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory response.
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