Dinamica y cuantificacion de grupos microbianos en compost y vermicompost de bagazo de agave tequilero | Dynamics and quantification of microbial groups in compost and vermicompost of tequila agave bagasse
2005
Rodriguez-Macias, R. | Quintero-Lizaola, R. | Alcantar-Gonzalez, G. | Ordoz-Chaparro, V. | Volke-Haller, V.
The production of one liter of tequila 100% agave generates 4 to 6 kg humid bagasse. In 1999, the tequila industry produced about 200 millions liters of tequila, resulting in approximately one million tons dry weight of bagasse, which is composed mainly of cellulose and lignin. The objective of the present study was to determine the dynamics of microbial groups (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, amylolytic, lipolytic, cellulolytic, and ligninolytic) that participate in the aerobic biodegradation processes of the agave bagasse. The treatments evaluated were: 1) bagasse, earthworms and lamb manure; 2) bagasse and earthworms; 3) bagasse and manure; and 4) bagasse only. Two vermicomposts and two composts were obtained. The results showed that in the four treatments there was a statistically significant decrease in the number of colony-forming units (ucf) per gram of transformed material. In the treatment of bagasse and worms the following results were obtained: bacteria, 3.2 x 10(8) to 0.2 x 10(6); fungi, 56 x 10(4) to 10.4 x 10(4); actinomycetes, 1.0 x 10(6) to 0.08 x 10(6), at 34. 68, 102, and 136 days of the development processes. In the same way, the microbial population participating in the carbon cycle showed the following behavior: lipolytic, from 2.24 x 10(8) to 6.6 x 10(6); celulolytic, from 35.4 x 10(5) to 3 x 10(5); ligninolytic, from 43 x 10(5) to 1.4 x 10(5), and the amylolytic from 0.45 x 10(5) to 0.21 x 10(5), quantified as MPNThe results show that the populations of microbial groups diminished with time, independently of the type of process and of the cvaluated treatments.
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