Exogenous GABA prevents Marssonina apple blotch damage in ‘Royal Gala’ apple seedlings
2022
Liu, Boyang | Li, Yuxing | Zhang, Xiuzhi | Liu, Yutong | Liu, Chenlu | Wang, Hongtao | Ren, Shiying | Ma, Fengwang | Liang, Wei | Li, Cuiying
Marssonina apple blotch, caused by the pathogen Marssonina coronaria, is one of the most important pre-mature defoliation diseases that affected apple production. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid and as an endogenous metabolite and signal molecule plays a key role in the stress response in plants. Herein, we investigated the effects of GABA in improving apple resistance to Marssonina apple blotch. Soil drenching of 0.5 mM exogenous GABA was identified as the optimal concentration to reduce M. coronaria disease severity on two-months-old apple seedlings (Malus x domestica cv. ‘Royal Gala’) in a growth chamber. Further study demonstrated that the application of exogenous GABA significantly reduced the chlorophyll content degradation and photosynthetic rate than inoculated and non-GABA treated plants. After inoculation with M. coronaria, the GABA content in apple leaves increased significantly in infected plants. The soil drenching of GABA further elevated the salicylic acid (SA) content and activities of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase compared with the inoculated non-GABA treated plants. Furthermore, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and the total phenol content of GABA-treated plants were further increased compared with the inoculated non-GABA treated plants. As a component of natural plant metabolism, exogenous soil drenching of GABA maybe a promising strategy through enhancing plants own immunity to control Marssonina apple blotch prevalence.
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