Metabolites of toxigenic fungi in lichens of genera Alectoria, Bryoria, Evernia, Pseudevernia, and Usnea
2015
Burkin, A. A. | Kononenko, G. P.
Complexes of mycotoxins in fruticose lichens of 14 species belonging to five genera of the family Parmeliaceae were characterized in number, composition, and content of individual components. It was shown that species of the genus Bryoria always contain five mycotoxins (sterigmatocystin, mycophenolic acid, citrinin, emodin, and alternariol). In Evernia and Pseudevernia, this list is supplemented with zearalenone, diacetoxiscirpenol, and cyclopiazonic acid or fumonisins. It was noted that Alectoria and Usnea are distinguished by a peculiar set of toxic metabolites and occupy an intermediate position according to their number. The similarities and distinctions of the mycotoxin profile in species belonging to the same genus and in specimens from different habitats are discussed.
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