Cloning of selected body surface antimicrobial peptide/protein genes of Atlantic salmon and their responses to Aeromonas salmonicida
Kitani, Yoichiro | Hieu, Dang Quang | Kiron, Viswanath
Antimicrobial peptides/proteins (AMPs), the important host-defence molecules with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, effectively ward off pathogenic organisms. The responses of such molecules of Atlantic salmon during Aeromonas salmonicida infection that causes losses to salmon farms are not clearly described. Two trials were carried out to understand the regulation of two known AMP genes (cathelicidins, cath1, 2) and five newly cloned AMP genes (beta-defensins, defb1-4 and L-amino acid oxidase, lao); in vivo responses following intraperitoneal injection of A. salmonicida vaccine and in vitro responses upon exposure of gill tissues to A. salmonicida. The vaccine injection induced cath1, cath2 and lao expression in the gills at 24 h post injection. The live A. salmonicida exposure of Atlantic salmon gill tissue explant revealed the upregulation of the cath1 and cath2 within 48 h. The defb genes were not altered by either injection or exposure to A. salmonicida. Based on the evidence we suggest that the cathelicidins (cath1 and cath2) are A. salmonicida-inducible AMPs and could be possible biomarkers of infection.
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