An open study of the effectiveness of a multi-component weight-loss intervention for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity
2011
Melville, Craig A. | Boyle, Susan | Miller, Susan | MacMillan, Susan | Penpraze, Victoria | Pert, Carol | Spanos, Dimitrios | Matthews, Lynsay | Robinson, Nicola | Murray, Heather | Hankey, Catherine R.
Adults with intellectual disabilities experience high rates of obesity. Despite this higher risk, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of weight-loss interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity. The present study examined the effectiveness of the TAKE 5 multi-component weight-loss intervention. Adults with obesity were invited using specialist intellectual disability services to participate in the study. Obesity was defined as a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater. TAKE 5 included a daily energy-deficit diet of 2510 kJ (600 kcal), achieved via a personalised dietary prescription. Participants' body weight, BMI, waist circumference and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured before and after the intervention. A total of fifty-four individuals consented to participate, of which forty-seven (87 %) completed the intervention in the study period. There was a significant decrease in body weight (mean difference − 4.47 (95 % CI − 5.91, − 3.03) kg; P < 0.0001), BMI ( − 1.82 (95 % CI − 2.36, − 1.29) kg/m2; P < 0.0001), waist circumference ( − 6.29 (95 % CI − 7.85, − 4.73) cm; P < 0.0001) and daily sedentary behaviour of participants ( − 41.40 (95 % CI − 62.45, − 20.35) min; P = 0.00 034). Of the participants who completed the intervention, seventeen (36.2 %) lost 5 % or more of their initial body weight. Findings from the study suggest that TAKE 5 is an effective weight-loss intervention for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity. The effectiveness of TAKE 5 should be examined further in a controlled study.
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