The Impact of Escherichia coli Contamination Products Present in Recombinant African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 4 Proteins on the Innate and Humoral Immune Responses
Faber, Erika | Tshilwane, Selaelo Ivy | Van Kleef, Mirinda | Pretorius, Alri
Transcriptome analysis was used to characterize the in vitro primary and secondary immune responses induced in horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated for 24h with the individual recombinant proteins of a virulent AHSV serotype 4 (AHSV4) field isolate (rAHSV4 proteins) that were previously expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The results showed that the E. coli contamination products greatly affected the innate and humoral immune response transcripts. Hence, the impact of E. coli contamination products present in the individual rAHSV4 proteins on the translational immune response was determined. The combined amplification effects of synergistic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), TNF-α and IL-1β signalling induced potent pro-inflammatory responses that were too overwhelming for the anti-inflammatory cytokines and regulators to control. In addition to inducing robust B cell and antibody-mediated responses, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of the innate-like B cells and subsequent polyreactive (natural) antibody responses could potentially contribute to endotoxin tolerance.
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