Active vitamin D3-glycoside preserves weight gain and modulates the inflammatory response in broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide
2020
Nunes, Rayanne Andrade | Duarte, Marcio de Souza | Campos, Paulo Henrique Reis Furtado | de Oliveira, Leandro Licursi | e Silva, Fabyano Fonseca | Kreuz, Bruna Strieder | Mirabile, Catharina Giovana | Borges, Samuel Oliveira | Calderano, Arele Arlindo
This study evaluates the effects of dietary supplementation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)₂D₃) glycoside on the performance, tibia mineral concentrations, and inflammatory responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). At 20 days old, 144 male broilers were weighed and distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments, eight replicates, and six birds per experimental unit. The treatments were a basal diet without LPS administration (CON), a basal diet with LPS administration (CON + LPS), and a basal diet supplemented with 5 μg of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycoside/kg of diet with LPS administration (SUP + LPS). The LPS challenge was administered as intraperitoneal applications at 21 and 23 days of age (1 and 1.12 mg/kg of body weight, respectively). Four hours after the first LPS application, one bird per experimental unit was euthanized to collect blood, spleen, duodenum, and jejunum samples. We evaluated the broilers’ performance at 25 days of age, when all birds were slaughtered to analyze calcium and phosphorus levels in the tibia. We analyzed the data using a one-way ANOVA and compared the means with the Tukey test at 0.05 significance. The CON + LPS birds showed less weight gain (WG) than the CON and SUP + LPS groups (P = 0.019). The treatments had no effect on feed intake, feed conversion, serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus, or calcium and phosphorus in the tibia of birds (P > 0.05). The IL-10 level in the jejunum was higher (P = 0.011) in SUP+LPS birds than in the CON and CON+LPS groups. Among birds challenged with LPS, those supplemented with 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycoside showed greater mRNA expression of IL-10 (P = 0.014) and IL-1β (P = 0.045) in the spleen; however, no effect was observed on the expression of these cytokines in the duodenum and jejunum of the birds (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycoside preserves WG and modulates the inflammatory response by increasing the production of IL-10 in the jejunum and the mRNA expression of IL-10 and IL-1β in the spleens of broilers challenged with LPS, although bone mineralization is unaffected.
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