Metabolic and structural changes in skeletal muscle during hypocaloric dieting
1984
Russell, David McR. | Walker, Paul M. | Leiter, Lawrence A. | Sima, Anders AF. | Tanner, Wayne K. | Mickle, Donald AG. | Jeejeebhoy, Khursheed N.
Extract: Hypocaloric dieting and fasting alter the contraction-relaxation characteristics of skeletal muscle and result in low frequency fatigue. We report the metabolic and structural changes in skeletal muscle in five morbidly obese female subjects who had biopsies of the gastrocnemius muscle on a base-line diet (2500 kcal/day) followed by a repeat biopsy after 2 weeks of a 400-kcal/day carbohydrate diet. Hypocaloric dieting resulted in a significant increase in the intracellular muscle calcium content, which nay account for the observed changes in muscle function. There were no significant changes in muscle glycogen, lactate, pyruvate, or free energy stores. There was a significant decrease in muscle enzymes phosphofructokinase, succiante dehydrogenase and some muscle amino acid levels glutamine, glycine, and alanine, while muscle histochemistry showed type II fiber atrophy. However, these changes reflect a generalized response to hypocaloric dieting and probably do not explain the specific functional changes. Change in the muscle calcium content is probably an important mediator of the adverse functional effects of malnutrition. (Author)
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