Efficacy of herbicides on wheat and their terminal residues in soil, grain and straw
2013
Arora, Asha | Tomar, S.S. | Sondhia, Shobha
A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2006–07 and 2007–08 at Gwalior (M.P.) to evaluate the effect of herbicides on weed control and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivatum L.) and residues of herbicides in post harvest soil, grain and straw of wheat. Ten treatments consisting of post emergence application of two doses of isoproturon (1.0 and 2.0 kg/ha), clodinafop- propargyl (60 and 120 g/ha), fenoxaprop -p-ethyl (60 and 120 g/ha) and sulfosulfuron (25 and 50 g/ha) along with two hand weeding and weedy control were evaluated in randomized block design with four replications. Samples of post harvest soil, grain and straw of wheat with higher dose of herbicides were analysed for herbicide residues by HPLC using PDA detector. Lowest weed population and weed dry weight at 60 days after sowing was recorded in isoproturon at both concentrations while lowest weed biomass at harvest and weed control efficiency was recorded in sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha followed by two hand weeding. Highest wheat yield (5.4 t/ha) was recorded in two hand weeding which was at par with sulfosulfuron 50 g/ha. clodinafop 60 g/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha and isoproturon 2.0 kg/ha. A reduction of 55.4% in wheat yield in weedy check was observed as compared to two hand weeding. A residue of 0.006, 0.041 and 0.022 μg/g isoproturon was in post harvest soil, wheat grain and straw while residues of 0.021 and 0.096 (μg g/g) clodinafop was present in soil and grain at higher level of application.
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