Surface Modification of Sediment with Surfactant for Capping Material on Contaminated Coastal Sediment

Song, Young-Chae; Subha, B.; Woo, J. H.; Lim, H. J.; Senthilkumar, P.

Surface Modification of Sediment with Surfactant for Capping Material on Contaminated Coastal Sediment

2014

Song, Young-Chae | Subha, B. | Woo, J. H. | Lim, H. J. | Senthilkumar, P.

A study on the surface modification of uncontaminated sediment dredged for new port development with surfactant was performed, and the effectiveness of surface modified sediment for in-situ capping to control pollutant (N, P) release from the contaminated coastal sediments into seawater was also investigated. From this experiment, the adsorbed amount of surfactants on the surface of sediment particles was increased with the increase in the surfactant concentration. A more feasible method for the sediment modification with surfactants was mechanical shaking for 3 h, compared to sonication for 30 min or microwave radiation for 3 min. The adsorption capacities of the sediments modified with cationic surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide [HDTMA]) were 40 mg g⁻¹ for ammonia-nitrogen, 16 mg g⁻¹ for nitrate-nitrogen, 31 mg g⁻¹ for phosphorus, which are higher those of the sediment modified with anionic (SDS) and nonionic surfactants (TX-100). The capping layer with the sediment modified with HDTMA in column experiment was effective for inhibiting the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the contaminated sediment into overlying seawater, indicating that the cationic surfactant modified sediment is reusable as a good in-situ capping material for contaminated coastal sediment.

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