Redescriptions of Dampierosa daruma Whitley 1932 and Erosa erosa (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes 1829) (Teleostei: Synanceiidae)
2022
Matsunuma, Mizuki | Motomura, Hiroyuki
Dampierosa daruma Whitley 1932 and Erosa erosa (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes 1829) (Synanceiidae) were redescribed on the basis of both primary type and non-type specimens. The validity of Dampierosa Whitley 1932 has previously been uncertain, the name sometimes being regarded as a junior synonym of Erosa Swainson 1839. However, the following morphological differences between the type species of both genera (monotypic) confirmed the validity of the former: (1) usually XIII, 8 dorsal-fin rays in D. daruma (vs. XIV, 6 in E. erosa); (2) usually I, 6 anal-fin rays (vs. III, 5); (3) 12 pectoral-fin rays (vs. 15); (4) dorsal head contour rounded in lateral view (vs. not rounded); (5) occipital pit star or asterisk shaped (vs. parallelogram or quadrate shaped); (6) opercle relatively small, with weakly developed spines and ridges (vs. opercle relatively large, with well developed spines and ridges); (7) 2nd mandibular pores (just behind mandibular symphysis) separated in large adults (fused, forming a single pore in small specimens) (vs. fused, forming a single pore throughout life); and (8) body entirely covered with numerous warts (vs. partially covered with warts). Erosa fratrum Ogilby 1910a and Erosa iridea Ogilby 1910b are regarded as junior synonyms of nominal Synanceia erosa. Dampierosa daruma is restricted to northwestern Australia, whereas E. erosa is widely distributed in the western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean, ranging from Australia, New Caledonia and Tonga north to Japan.
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