Apple (Malus domestica L. Borkh.) Allergen Mal d 1: Effect of Cultivar, Cultivation System, and Storage Conditions
Matthes, Anne | Schmitz-Eiberger, Michaela
It has been reported on the basis of skin prick tests and gene expression studies that apple cultivars differ in their allergenic potential. Only a few studies have tried to measure the amount of the major apple allergen Mal d 1 so far. Mal d 1 belongs to the pathogenesis-related proteins, a family of proteins that are induced by pathogens and environmental stress. Due to cross-reactivity between Bet v 1 and proteins present in several plant-derived foods, birch pollen allergic patients develop food allergies, most frequently to apples. Mal d 1 content was quantified in different apple cultivars, cultivated at the research stations Klein-Altendorf and Bavendorf, dependent on cultivation method and storage conditions by sandwich-ELISA. Apple cultivars differ considerably in their Mal d 1 content. A high variability in Mal d 1 content was determined within one cultivar and between the two locations for the same apple cultivar. In most cases organically cultivated fruit showed lower Mal d 1 content in comparison to fruit from integrated production. At harvest the detected concentration of Mal d 1 was low, but during storage the Mal d 1 content increased significantly.
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