GC/MS analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil and methanol extracts of Thymus caramanicus Jalas and its main constituent carvacrol
2009
Safaei-Ghomi, Javad | Ebrahimabadi, Abdolrasoul H. | Djafari-Bidgoli, Zahra | Batooli, Hossein
Chemical composition of the essential oil, antioxidant activity (DPPH and β-carotene/linoleic acid assays), and total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay) of aerial parts of Thymus caramanicus were determined. The highest radical-scavenging activity (DPPH test) was shown by the polar subfraction of the methanol extract (IC ₅₀ =43.0μg/ml) which was also higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, IC ₅₀ =19.7μg/ml). However, it was the nonpolar subfraction of the methanol extract that showed the highest inhibition (84.4%), as assessed by the β-carotene/linoleic acid assay, which was only slightly lower than that shown by BHT (93.3%). The antioxidant activities of the essential oil main component (carvacrol) were also evaluated for comparison. Total phenolic content of the polar subfraction, as gallic acid equivalents, was 124.3μg/mg. Essential oil extracted from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC and GC/MS. Fifteen constituents, representing 99.3% of the oil, were identified, of which the major ones, carvacrol (85.9%), thymol (3.3%), p-cymene (3.2%), γ-terpinene (1.8%) and borneol (1.3%), accounted for 95.6% of the oil.
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