Purple corn‐associated rhizobacteria with potential for plant growth promotion
2018
Castellano‐Hinojosa, A. | Pérez‐Tapia, V. | Bedmar, E.J. | Santillana, N.
AIMS: Purple corn (Zea mays var. purple amylaceum) is a native variety of the Peruvian Andes, cultivated at 3000 m since the pre‐Inca times without N fertilization. We aimed to isolate and identify native plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for future microbial‐based inoculants. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of purple corn plants grown without N fertilization in Ayacucho (Peru). The 16S rRNA gene clustered the 18 strains into nine groups that contained species of Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas and Lysinibacillus. A representative strain from each group was selected and assayed for N₂ fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole acetic and siderophore production, 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid deaminase activity and biocontrol abilities. Inoculation of purple corn plants with single and combined strains selected after a principal component analysis caused significant increases in root and shoot dry weight, total C and N contents of the plants. CONCLUSIONS: PGPRs can support growth and crop production of purple corn in the Peruvian Andes and constitute the base for microbial‐based inoculants. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study enlarges our knowledge on plant–microbial interactions in high altitude mountains and provides new applications for PGPR inoculation in purple amylaceum corn, which is part of the staple diet for the native Quechua communities.
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