The search for new natural herbicides – Strategic approaches for discovering fungal phytotoxins
2013
Varejão, Eduardo V.V. | Demuner, Antônio J. | Barbosa, Luiz C.A. | Barreto, Robert W.
Plant pathogens produce toxic metabolites which may play a role in affecting their plant hosts by the development of diseases. Such compounds present considerable potential as models for developing herbicides with new modes of action unrelated to those in current use. This study provides an overview on the chemical ecology of plant-pathogenic fungi interactions as a promising approach for discovering new molecules possessing herbicide activity, along with the main research strategies currently employed for the isolation and identification of such compounds. The steps involved in: a) isolating fungal phytotoxic metabolites; b) the factors affecting in vitro biosynthesis of phytotoxins, extraction and fractionation methods; c) the bioassay-guided fractionation procedure, and d) the bioassays most commonly used for monitoring isolation processes, are discussed.
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