Characterization of fat globules and milk fat globule membrane proteins in milk of different yak breeds | Caractérisation des globules gras et des protéines de membrane de globule gras du lait de différentes races de yak
He, Shenghua | Ma, Ying | Wang, Jiaqi | Li, Qiming | Tang, Shanhu | Zhao, Changhui | Li, Haimei | Maubois, Jean-Louis
The objective of this work was to characterize the fat globule and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins in Maiwa (n = 6), Gannan (n = 4) and Zhongdian yak whole milks (n = 4). Fat globule size distribution and specific fat surface area of whole yak milk were determined using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. The average specific fat surface area of Gannan yak milk (2.05 m²·mg⁻¹) and Zhongdian yak milk (2.01 m²·mg⁻¹) was higher (P < 0.05) than that of Maiwa yak milk (1.92 m²·mg⁻¹). The total protein content of MFGM and surface protein coverage of fat globule in Maiwa yak milk (11.12 mg·g⁻¹fat and 5.67 mg·m⁻², respectively) and Gannan yak milk (12.24 mg·g⁻¹fat and 5.97 mg·m⁻², respectively) were higher (P < 0.05) than that of Zhongdian yak milk (9.72 mg·g⁻¹fat and 4.81 mg·m⁻², respectively). Protein components in the MFGM of yak milk were analyzed using an Ultrascan XL laser densitometer and an LKB 2400 GelScanXL software program. No major differences (P > 0.05%) in the protein patterns on the SDS gel were observed among the MFGM of Maiwa yak, Gannan yak and Zhongdian yak, with the exception of mucin 1 and butyrophilin which were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the MFGM of Zhongdian yak milk.
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