Physicochemical Characteristics and Biogas Production Potentials of Olive Flounder and Starry Flounder Wastes
Chairattanawat, Chayanee | Yulisa, Arma | Park, Sang Hyeok | Jannat, Md Abu Hanifa | Hwang, Seokhwan
Olive flounder (OF) and Starry flounder (SF) are the commonly cultured fish species in the South Korea East Sea. Evaluation of whether those dead fish wastes are suitable for anaerobic digestion is required. The aim of this study was to characterize the physicochemical properties of each fraction which was flesh, bone, head, skin, viscera, and whole fish OF and SF and evaluate their biochemical methane potential (BMP). The results showed that both dead fish species’ wastes mainly contained proteins (48–75% of volatile solids [VS]) and lipids (19–40% of VS), whereas carbohydrates were little found (0.7–5% of VS). The BMP of each fraction was investigated in a mesophilic condition and the substrate-to-microbe ratio was 0.5 g CODₛᵤbₛₜᵣₐₜₑ/g VSSᵢₙₒcᵤₗᵤₘ. The results showed that the bone fractions in both OF and SF showed the highest methane yield with 0.37 and 0.38 L CH₄/g CODₐddₑd, respectively whereas the viscera fractions of both fish species showed the lowest methane yield with 0.20 L CH₄/g CODₐddₑd. The modified Gompertz model showed that the longest lag phase was observed in the bone fractions of OF and SF with 1.59 d and 2.62 d and the shortest lag phase was in the viscera fraction of OF and SF with 0.37 d and 0.58 d, respectively. The energy recovery of every fraction of both species ranged 43–69%. Principal component analysis indicated that the viscera fraction of OF and SF had different characteristics from the other fractions. This study suggests that dead fish wastes can be considered for biogas production.
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