Assessment of adherence to a low-fat diet for breast cancer prevention
Heber, D. | Ashley, J.M. | McCarthy, W.J. | Solares, M.E. | Leaf, D.A. | Chang, L.J.C. | Elashoff, R.M.
Background. The relationships between self-reported adherence to a low-fat diet in healthy women between the ages of 44 and 69 and a number of correlates of this self-reported behavior were examined in an attempt to improve monitoring of adherence to nutritional intervention trials for breast cancer prevention. Methods. Dietary fat intake in 87 women who completed 6 months of nutritional intervention was reduced from 38.2 +/- 5.9% to 21.7 +/- 7.8% of total energy intake (P < 0.005). Reported total calorie intake was reduced by approximately 20%. Results. Body weight decreased by 2.7% from 68.1 +/- 11.2 kg to 66.3 +/- 11.9 kg (P < 0.05). Fasting total plasma cholesterol levels decreased from 205 +/- 31 mg/dl to 184 +/- 29 mg/dl (P < 0.05). Fasting plasma triglyceride levels did not change significantly (97 +/- 44 mg/dl vs 101 +/- 55 mg/dl). Relative percentage changes in body weight correlated with percentage changes in dietary fat intake (r = 0.23, P < 0.05). Conclusion. Self-reported changes in dietary behavior correlated significantly with objective changes in body weight and fasting cholesterol in these healthy women encouraged to consume a low-fat diet for prevention of breast cancer.
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