Precipitation composition and wet deposition temporal pattern in Central Serbia for the period from 1998 to 2004
2008
Golobočanin, D | Žujić, A | Milenković, A | Miljević, N
Bulk samples collected on a daily basis at three principal meteorological stations in central Serbia were analyzed on chloride (Cl⁻), nitrate [graphic removed] , sulfate [graphic removed] , sodium (Na⁺), ammonium [graphic removed] , potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), and magnesium (Mg²⁺) in addition to precipitation amount, pH and conductivity measurements over the period 1998-2004. The data were subjected to variety of analyses (linear regression, principal component analysis, time series analysis) to characterize precipitation chemistry in the study area. The most abundant ion was [graphic removed] with annual volume weighted mean concentration of 242 μeq L⁻¹. Neutralization of precipitation acidity occurs both as a result of the dissolution of alkaline compounds containing Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and K⁺ as well as the absorption of ammonia. The ratio of [graphic removed] was above 5, which indicated that the combustion process of low-grade domestic lignite for electricity generation from coal-fired thermal power plants was the main source of pollution in the investigated area. A considerable mean annual bulk wet deposition of SO₄-S determined by precipitation amount and concentrations of sulfate in the precipitation was calculated to be 12-35 kg ha⁻¹.
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