Aflatoxin and mold flora in North Carolina in 1977 corn crop
1981
Hesseltine, C.W. | Rogers, R.F. | Shotwell, O.L.
In a 1977 survey, 187 of 238 maize samples from the Piedmont and Coastal Plain area contained aflatoxin; of these 139 were above the 20 p.p.b. guideline. Aflatoxin G1 was found in 32 samples from the Piedmont/mountain area. The highest level of aflatoxin found was 3622 p.p.b. In general, the higher the percentage of insect-damaged maize the higher the aflatoxin levels found. The sample with the most insect damaged maize (11%) showed a level of 2208 p.p.b., and all samples with 4.5% or more insect damage contained aflatoxin. In general, the greater the infection of maize by Aspergillus flavus the higher the level of aflatoxin, with 7 samples having 40-44 undamaged kernels out of 50 infected. A. niger was found in 10.9% of the samples, but there was no positive correlation with the amounts of aflatoxin found. Strs. of Penicillium funiculosum series isolated from S. Carol. were found again in 25.3% of the total kernels examined. Few other P. or A. spp. were seen. Maize germination was high in most samples. Assuming that most of the aflatoxin G1 was produced by A. parasiticus, a definite ecological correlation was found between G1 and a specific area, i.e. the Piedmont/mountain area.
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