Effects of low nitrogen nutrition on plant growth characteristics and nitrogen accumulation in Chinese natural bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) germplasm resources
Li, Dandan | Zong, Junqin | Chen, Jingbo | Guo, Hailin | Wang, Yi | Li, Jianjian | Liu, Jianxiu
Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) is a widely used warm-season turfgrass and has the highest nitrogen (N) fertilization requirements among turfgrasses. Wild ecotype found in N-poor habitats can potentially tolerant N limiting conditions for reducing N inputs in the turf industry. However, the extent of variation in their low N tolerance has remained unclear. We conducted hydroponic experiments to evaluate the variation on growth, N accumulation, and partitioning of wild bermudagrass from China pre-core collection under normal (5 mM) and limited (0.05 mM) N levels in two experiments. The results showed that low N nutrition significantly decreased clipping growth, while had no effects on verdure and root growth; in addition, the magnitude of clippings N accumulation reduction was higher than verdure and root across all accessions. However, significant genetic variations in all studied traits except for root N content in experiment 2 were found among accessions. Using a cluster analysis, 56 accessions in experiment 1 and 12 accessions in experiment 2 were classified into four groups and two groups separately. The accessions with superior low N tolerance had improved growth and accumulated more N in the verdure and roots; it is interesting that other accessions with low N tolerance had different tolerance mechanisms and transferred more N nutrition from the roots to the clippings to maintain better turf quality. The different molds in low N tolerance suggest that there is much potential for improving low N tolerance among Chinese natural bermudagrass accessions.
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