Acidianus manzaensis sp. nov., a Novel Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Growing Autotrophically by the Oxidation of H₂ with the Reduction of Fe³⁺
2006
Yoshida, Naoki | Nakasato, Masanori | Ohmura, Naoya | Ando, Akikazu | Saiki, Hiroshi | Ishii, Masaharu | Igarashi, Yasuo
A novel thermoacidophilic iron-reducing Archaeon, strain NA-1, was isolated from a hot fumarole in Manza, Japan. Strain NA-1 could grow autotrophically using H₂ or S⁰ as an electron donor and Fe³⁺ as an electron acceptor, and also could grow heterotrophically using some organic compounds. Fe³⁺ and O₂ served as electron acceptors for growth. However, S⁰, NO₃ -, NO₂ -, SO₄ ²-, Mn⁴⁺, fumarate, and Fe₂O₃ did not serve as electron acceptors. The ranges of growth temperature and pH were 60-90°C (optimum: 80°C) and pH 1.0-5.0 (optimum: pH 1.2-1.5), respectively. Cells were nearly regular cocci with an envelope comprised of the cytoplasmic membrane and a single outer S-layer. The crenarchaeal-specific quinone (cardariellaquinone) was detected, and the genomic DNA G + C content was 29.9 mol%. From 16S rDNA analysis, it was determined that strain NA-1 is closely related to Acidianus ambivalens (93.1%) and Acidianus infernus (93.0%). However, differences revealed by phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses clearly show that strain NA-1 represents a new species, Acidianus manzaensis, sp. nov., making it the first identified thermoacidophilic iron-reducing microorganism (strain NA-1T = NBRC 100595 = ATCC BAA 1057).
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