Effect of fat proportion to glucose in peripheral parenteral nutrition on nutritional status in normal rats
2000
Nakayama, M. | Motoki, T. | Kuwahata, T. | Kawaguchi, Y. | Kohri, H. | Tomita, Y. | Onodera, R.
The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal fat proportion to glucose in peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). PPN solutions consisting of dextrose + amino acids + fat (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% of total energy as fat) were administered parenterally at a rate of 120 kcal/kg/day for 5 days to normal rats, after which the effects on the nutritional status were assessed. Body weight change and cumulative nitrogen balance during the 5 day PPN period tended to increase with increasing fat dose until the 40% fat group. Serum triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), free fatty acid (FFA) and total cholesterol (T-CHO) levels increased with increasing fat dose. Specifically, PL, T-CHO and FFA levels in the 50% fat group were especially higher than that in the normal group. Although the rats were administered with the same composition and dose of amino acid, serum Thr, Trp, Ala and Pro levels tended to decrease with increasing fat dose, with serum Ala and Pro levels in the 50% fat group being lower than that in the normal group. Hepatic glycogen content also tended to decrease with increasing fat dose. These results suggest that gluconeogenesis in the liver is increased in the 50% fat group due to low dextrose dose. In the 40% fat group, although serum PL and T-CHO levels were significantly higher, hepatic glycogen content and serum Ala levels were not significantly different compared with 0% fat group. It was therefore concluded that the optimal fat proportion in the rats receiving an energy intake below the basal energy requirements is 40% of total energy as fat.
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