Modulation of lithiatic injury to renal epithelial cells by aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna
2018
Mittal, Amisha | Tandon, Simran | Singla, Surender Kumar | Tandon, Chanderdeep
Previous studies have shown that hyperoxaluria is concomitant with the formation of CaOx crystals and the subsequent propensity of these crystals towards renal cells greatly increases the risk for the development of urolithiasis. Despite advances in surgical management, recurrence of stones and side effects of present day treatment persists and in the light of this a cost-effective substitute from natural sources such as phytotherapy is being sought. The present study was designed to investigate the antiurolithiatic efficacy of a single plant preparation comprising of an aqueous extract (AE) of the bark of Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna) on oxalate injured cells. The authors used an in vitro model system comprising of a normal epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) which was exposed to 2 mM oxalate for 48 h, following which the cytoprotective potential of AE on cell viability, CaOx crystal adherence and apoptotic changes were evaluated. The results revealed that co-treatment with T. arjuna AE to cells exposed to 2 mM oxalate for 48 h, rendered protection from oxalate triggered damage. On treatment with different concentrations of the T. arjuna AE, the cell viability increased in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, the extract prevented the interaction of the CaOx crystals to the cell surface and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. The current data suggests that T. arjuna bark aqueous extract could be a potential phytotherapeutic treatment against urolithiasis based on its ability to diminish oxalate induced morphological changes, apoptosis and death of renal cells thereby leading to cell survival.
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