Observations on the bionomics of common ixodid ticks of ruminants in Tamil Nadu, India
2013
Ponnudurai, G. | Harikrishnan, T. J. | Rani, N.
The bionomics of four ixodid ticks viz., Hyalomma marginatum isaaci, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides and Haemaphysalis bispinosa were studied under laboratory condition. Soviet Chinchilla rabbits were used as host for all species of ticks except for Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, for which cross bred calves were used. Various feeding and reproductive parameters such as feeding, moulting, preoviposition and oviposition periods, engorgement weight and egg rate conversion efficacy (ERCE) of female ticks at temperature 33.16–34° C and RH 68.7–78.48 per cent were observed. There were significant differences in the larval and nymphal moulting period between one, two and three host ticks. The engorgement and egg mass weight of Hyalomma marginatum isaaci was higher than the other three species of ticks. The egg rate conversion efficacy (ERCE) was > 60 per cent in H. marginatum isaaci and H. Bispinosa, whereas < 50 per cent in R. (B.) microplus and R. haemaphysaloides. The minimum time required for each species to complete one life cycle was 73–82 days for H. marginatum isaaci, 45–57 days for R. (B.) microplus, 81–88 days for R. haemaphysaloides and 67–73 days for H. bispinosa. The tick H. marginatum isaaci, on one occasion, behaved as three host tick, but on other occasions as a two host tick.
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