In vitro germination of seeds of three Tunisian olive varieties
2002
Maalej, M. | Drira, N. | Chaari-Rkhis, A. | Trigui, A.
Besides its economical importance and nutritional value of its products, olive is an important fruit tree for arid areas since it thrives in dry climates and poor soils. Tunisia is very rich in olive varieties whose genetic improvement is in progress. However, seeds germination is not always easy and this is one of the obstacles that impairs breeding programs and rootstock production. In order to better exploit in vitro conditions, the present study aims to improve olive germination rate by using seeds without endocarp and studying the effects of some factors on in vitro germination of three Tunisian varieties, Zalmati, Chemcheli and Marsaline. Our results showed that, under darkness conditions, the use of half-kernels increases the germination capacity of all varieties tested. Media without sugar proved to be more effective than those containing 30 or 100 g/l of sucrose. Likewise, under 16 hours light in comparison of darkness, only seeds of cvs Zalmati and Chemcheli showed better germination. Finally, the addition of GA3 (1,5 and 25mgl-1) improved the germination rate of all varieties.
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