Enhanced crystallinity and thermal properties of cellulose from rice husk using acid hydrolysis treatment
2021
Hafid, Halimatun Saadiah | Omar, Farah Nadia | Zhu, Jiangyu | Wakisaka, Minato
Cellulose was extracted from rice husk (RH) using an integrated delignification process using alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis (concentrated HNO₃) for lignocellulosic biomass dissolution. Cellulose yield and quality were assessed through analysis of lignocellulosic content, thermogravimetric, functional group, X-ray diffraction, and surface morphology. HNO₃ treatment showed an increment (2.01–fold) in the cellulose content and some enhancement in the crystallinity of cellulose (up to 40.8%). A slight increase was observed in thermal properties from 334.6 °C to 339.3 °C. Economic analysis showed chlorine extraction produce higher cellulose recovery (58%) as compared to HNO₃ (26.7%) with the total cost of operation using HNO₃ was double compared to chlorine extraction. The economic feasibility of HNO₃ can be improved using various progress in the pre-treatment process, chemical recycling and cellulose recovery process since adopting it is crucial for environmental sustainability.
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