Simultaneous Biofortification of Wheat with Zinc, Iodine, Selenium, and Iron through Foliar Treatment of a Micronutrient Cocktail in Six Countries
Zou, Chunqin | Du, Yunfei | Rashid, A. | Ram, H. | Savasli, E. | Pieterse, P. J. | Ortiz-Monasterio, I. | Yazici, A. | Kaur, C. | Mahmood, K. | Singh, S. | Le Roux, M. R. | Kuang, W. | Onder, O. | Kalayci, M. | Cakmak, Ismail
Field experiments were conducted on wheat to study the effects of foliar-applied iodine(I) alone, Zn (zinc) alone, and a micronutrient cocktail solution containing I, Zn, Se (selenium), and Fe (iron) on grain yield and grain concentrations of micronutrients. Plants were grown over 2 years in China, India, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, and Turkey. Grain-Zn was increased from 28.6 mg kg–¹ to 46.0 mg–¹ kg with Zn-spray and 47.1 mg–¹ kg with micronutrient cocktail spray. Foliar-applied I and micronutrient cocktail increased grain I from 24 μg kg–¹ to 361 μg kg–¹ and 249 μg kg–¹, respectively. Micronutrient cocktail also increased grain-Se from 90 μg kg–¹ to 338 μg kg–¹ in all countries. Average increase in grain-Fe by micronutrient cocktail solution was about 12%. The results obtained demonstrated that foliar application of a cocktail micronutrient solution represents an effective strategy to biofortify wheat simultaneously with Zn, I, Se and partly with Fe without yield trade-off in wheat.
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