Agro-industrial residues as biosorbents for the removal of anti-inflammatories from aqueous matrices: An overview
2022
Michelon, Ananda | Bortoluz, Jordana | Raota, Camila S. | Giovanela, Marcelo
The presence of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in waters has concerned the scientific community because of their occurrence, persistence, and potentially deleterious effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, studies on the removal of PCs have intensified in the last decade. Because of the lack of deep analysis of this subject, the present study aimed to review the main methods for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) removal from aqueous matrices using biosorbents. The study focused on the adsorption process using adsorbents derived from agro-industrial residues: raw materials, activated materials, biochar, and activated carbon. For this purpose, an overview of publications between 2011 and 2021 was performed on the scientific databases. The consulted literature focused on NSAIDs of highest incidence in water matrices (acetaminophen, ketoprofen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, and paracetamol). The evaluated articles report several procedures for preparing and modifying adsorbent materials, in addition to studies concerning the equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the adsorption process. Agro-industrial residues converted into activated carbon were the most reported and had improved performance compared to less-processed biosorbents. The use of adsorbents derived from agro-industrial residues is a promising strategy for NSAID removal from water and wastewater. However, further investigations are necessary to provide reliable parameters aimed at upscaling water treatment on a large scale.
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