The reed belt of Neusiedler See | Der Schilfgürtel des Neusiedler Sees
2019
Csaplovics, Elmar
The Austrian and Hungarian parts of the reed belt extend over approximately 181 km² and represent the second largest contiguous reed population in Europe. The reed belt of Lake Neusiedl is one of the most important habitats of the National Parks Neusiedler See – Seewinkel and Fertő – Hanság and represents a core element of Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the respective UNESCO World Heritage Site. These vast reed areas are a multifunctional unique ecotope with specific faunistic and floristic characteristics. However, since the 19th century increasing conflicts between the interests of agriculture, reed harvesting, fishery/hunting as well as tourism on the one hand and the objectives of nature conservation and ecological management on the other create a disbalance which negatively impacts the physiological conditions of the reed stands and thus of the biodiversity and habitat conditions as such. In concordance with multi-temporal monitoring of the dynamics of sedimentation in the lake basin and of respective variations of the water level the spatio-temporal changes of extent, structure and vitality of reed stands are classified and mapped based on airborne optical colour-infrared-image analysis. A habitat ecological approach to an inventory of the reed belt is urgently needed and should be performed in regular intervals in order to assess the impacts of regional climate change and socio-economic and socio-ecological interference within the reed belt. Operationality of homogeneous data collection and data analysis points towards the establishment of crossborder periodical monitoring based on airborne optical imaging as a precondition for fulfilling respective national and international directives
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