Effects of repeated exposure on sensory-enhanced satiety
2013
Yeomans, M.R. | McCrickerd, K. | Brunstrom, J. | Chambers, L.
Previous work has established that stronger satiety is generated by covert manipulation of energy in a drink context when presented with satiety-congruent sensory characteristics (thicker texture and creamier flavour). Here we tested whether these effects were modified by repeated exposure. Forty-eight healthy unrestrained men were tested on seven days: pre-exposure (day 1), 4days exposure, post-exposure (day 6) and a one-month follow-up (day 7). The test yoghurt-juice drink combined two levels of energy (low energy, LE, 78kcal, high energy, HE, 278kcal) with two levels of sensory (low sensory, LS or enhanced sensory, ES), with ES thicker and creamier than LS. These four combinations of energy and sensory were tested between-participants. Satiety testing (days 1, 6 and 7) involved measures of expected satiety and expected satiation, alongside appetite ratings and intake at a test lunch after the drink was consumed. Test lunch intake before exposure depended on both the sensory characteristics and energy content of the drink, with least consumed in HE/ES, but after exposure and at follow-up intake only depended on drink energy. Analysis of rated appetite also suggested increased effectiveness of drink energy with exposure, with changes in hunger and fullness affected by sensory characteristics on first consumption but driven more by energy as the study progressed. Expected satiation and expected satiety mapped onto sensory characteristics at pre-exposure but only expected satiation changed with exposure to be more in-line with energy content. These data suggest that effects of sensory characteristics on satiety are modified by exposure in-line with actual nutrient content.
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