Analysis of breast milk: Current methodologies and future needs
1984
Lonnerdal, Bo | Smith, Connie | Keen, Carl L.
The nutrient intake of breastfed infants can be determined by an analysis of the concentration of nutrients in breast milk. Protein measurement can be determined by either nitrogen, direct protein, or amino acid analysis, but the inherent differences must be recognized. Fat content can be determined by creamatocrit, total lipid assay, or dry column method analysis. Carbohydrate analysis is usually done by 1 of 2 methods: total carbohydrate content or lactose assay. For mineral analysis, milk must be collected in a mineral-free container and be acid washed; then atomic absorption spectroscopy can be used. Vitamin analysis can be accomplished by 1 of 4 acceptable methods such as gas chromatography. Either direct bomb calorimetry or indirect methods using conversion factors for major nutrients can be used to determine total energy content of milk. Methods used for assessing the nutrient content of breast milk require further development, refining, and validating. (kbc)
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