Ammonium-potassium-calcium exchange on vermiculite and hydroxy-aluminum vermiculite
2002
Evangelou, V.P. | Lumbanraja, J.
Binary and ternary cation-exchange reactions involving NH4(+), K(+), and Ca(2+) on vermiculite and hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculite (HIV) were investigated. In the case of vermiculite, NH4-Ca exchange was nearly indistinguishable from the nonpreference isotherm while HIV exhibited preference for NH4(+). The presence of K(+) had significant suppressing impact on the apparent NH4(+) selectivity in NH4-Ca exchange in HIV most likely because of retardation of Ca(2+) diffusion in the interlayer. For vermiculite, the presence of K(+) in the NH4-Ca system induced apparent high affinity sites for NH4(+) most likely because of interlayer collapse. The overall study demonstrated that cation-exchange selectivity coefficients in vermiculite and HIV are dependent on number and type of cations present.
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