The Adult and the elderly
1980
Beal, Virginia A.
Aspects of US life expectancy, the aging process, nutrition and health, psychosocial-biological interactions, and nutrient requirements relative to aging, are reviewed and discussed. Various theories have been put forth on the causes of aging; some of the current approaches used in studies of the aging process are described. Physiological changes that occur in the various body systems are considered; however, while body functions and systems are typically classified or categorized, the changes occurring due to aging are interrelated and interdependent. In addition to organ system changes, changes in height, weight, and body composition also are described. A number of specific health factors are considered (e.g., atherosclerosis, hypertension, osteoporosis, alcoholism, diabetes, cancer) in relation to adjustments which are needed to meet specific nutrient intake needs. All things considered, within the limits of genetic inheritance and the environment, good nutritional status is the best insurance for optimal growth and for reaching adulthood with optimum physical health. (wz)
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