Polar lipids, sphingomyelin and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids from the milk fat globule membrane are increased in milks produced by cows fed fresh pasture based diet during spring
Lopez, Christelle | Briard-Bion, Valérie | Ménard, Olivia | Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Milk lipids are an interesting source of bioactive molecules with functional and nutritional properties. Althoughthe composition of milk lipids is of utmost importance for food processing and human consumption, it is far frombeing fully known. The objective of this studywas to perform a comparative analysis of the chemical compositionof lipids frombovine milks produced in French Brittany during spring (fresh pasture based diet) and winter (cornsilage based diet). The polar lipid content and relative proportions of the glycerophospholipids andsphingomyelin were determined using HPLC/ELSD. The fatty acid composition of total lipids and polar lipidswas determined using GC. The milks collected in spring contained i) a lower amount of total lipids: 39.7 ±0.8 g/kg vs 41.7 ±0.5 g/kg inwinter, ii) a higher amount of polar lipids: 138 ±11 vs 112 ±8 mg/kgmilk; 3.5±0.3 vs 2.7 ± 0.4 mg/g fat, which was related to a smaller size of fat globules, and iii) a higher amount ofsphingomyelin, 32 mg/kg milk vs 25 mg/kg milk in winter. Interestingly, the polar lipids from the milk fat globulemembrane contained a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in spring (C18:1 n−9, C18:2 n−6,C18:3 n−3 and long-chain n−3 fatty acids). Milk from cows fed a fresh pasture-based diet during spring isan interesting source of dietary long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for human consumption
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