COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDUSTRIAL YIELDS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEAT IN THREE PORCINE GENOTYPES | ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE RENDIMIENTOS INDUSTRIALES Y COMPOSICIN QUMICA DE LA CARNE EN TRES GENOTIPOS PORCINOS

Испанский язык; кастильский. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo comparar los rendimientos industriales y composicin qumica de la carne de tres genotipos porcinos de la Unidad Empresarial de Base Bomb en la provincia cubana de Guantnamo. Se utilizaron 30 cerdos de finalizacin-ceba con un peso vivo de compra de 98.1 8.05 kg y edad de 190 das como promedio, con el propsito de evaluar cul de los tres genotipos porcinos presentaba mejores rendimientos industriales y composicin qumica de la carne. Se aplic un diseo completamente aleatorizado en tres tratamientos, con 10 repeticiones cada uno, los cuales fueron: Tratamiento I (cerdos Criollo Cubano), Tratamiento II (cerdos Duroc x Landrace) y Tratamiento III (cerdos CC21 x Landrace), cada animal constituy la unidad experimental. Se evaluaron los indicadores peso vivo de compra, peso al sacrificio, rendimiento de la canal caliente y fra y la merma en estabulacin y refrigeracin Tambin se determinaron los rendimientos de los principales cortes de la canal fra, los rendimientos en el deshuese, el espesor de grasa dorsal y el largo de la canal fra, los rendimientos de los principales subproductos del sacrificio y la composicin qumica proximal de la carne. Los cerdos Criollo Cubano reportaron los valores ms bajos para el rendimiento de la canal caliente y fra, carne ms recorte, humedad y ceniza de la carne (70.25, 68.81, 42.20, 70.15 y 1.00 %) y los valores ms altos para la merma en estabulacin, papada, patas, grasa, piel, lengua, cabeza, grasa de la carne, espesor de grasa dorsal y largo de la canal (9.37, 3.17, 2.68, 29.15, 10.10, 0.48, 6.91, 22.52 %, 33.8 mm y 99.58 cm), respectivamente. Se concluye que los mayores rendimientos industriales corresponden al genotipo CC21 x Landrace, con mejor valor nutricional de la carne.

Английский. The present paper aimed to compare the industrial yields and chemical composition of the meat of three swine genotypes from the enterprise "Bomb" in the Cuban province of Guantnamo. Thirty pigs in the finishing-fattening stage were used. At the purchase, their live weight was 98.1 8.05 kg and the average age was 190 days old. The experiment was conducted in order to evaluate which of the three genotypes would present the best industrial yields and chemical composition of the meat. A completely randomized design was applied in three treatments (10 repetitions each): Treatment I (Cuban Criollo pigs), Treatment II (Duroc x Landrace pigs) and Treatment III (CC21 x Landrace pigs). Each animal was an experimental unit. The indicators evaluated were: live weight at purchase, slaughter weight, yields of the hot and cold carcass, losses by stabling and refrigeration. There were also determined the yields of the main cuts of the cold carcass, the yields in the boning, the thickness of back fat and the length of the cold carcass, the yields of the main slaughter by-products and the proximal chemical composition of the meat. The Cuban Criollo pigs reported the lowest values for the yields of the hot and cold carcass, meat (and scraps), moisture and ash from the meat (70.25, 68.81, 42.20, 70.15 and 1.00%); and the highest values for the loss by stabling, dewlap, legs, fat, skin, tongue, head, meat fat, back fat thickness and carcass length (9.37, 3.17, 2.68, 29.15, 10.10, 0.48, 6.91, 22.52%, 33.8 mm and 99.58 cm), respectively. It is concluded that the highest industrial yields correspond to the CC21 x Landrace genotype, with the best nutritional value of the meat.