Development and application of nanoflow liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry methods for the determination of chemical contaminants in food and environment: doctoral thesis = Nanoplūsmas šķidruma hromatogrāfijas un masspektrometrijas metožu izstrāde un pielietošana ķīmisko piesārņotāju noteikšanai pārtikā un vidē: promocijas darbs
2024
Fedorenko, Deniss
In this doctoral thesis, novel analytical methods employing nanoflow liquid chromatography (nano-LC) and Orbitrap mass spectrometry were developed to determine various chemical contaminants in food and the environment. A literature review has been conducted on recent applications of nano-LC methods in the field of food safety and environmental analysis, highlighting the variety of analytes, matrices, and analytical methodologies. Quantitative analytical methods for determining mycotoxins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, pharmaceuticals, population-health related biomarkers, and perfluorinated compounds were developed. Different nano-LC instrumental setups were evaluated, including post-column solvent addition. A variety of sample preparation techniques was applied, including solid-phase extraction, quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction, and dilute-and-shoot approach. A target ion screening approach was developed using selective fragment ions specific to pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Improved retention of ionic and highly polar compounds on reversed-phase nano-LC column has been demonstrated in the analysis of biomarkers and pharmaceuticals by the in-sample addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide as an ion pair reagent. The developed nano-LC methods were applied to study the occurrence of mycotoxins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and perfluorinated compounds in food from the Latvian market, and the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and biomarkers in wastewater from the wastewater treatment plants of different cities in Latvia was studied.
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