Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands
Eldridge, David | Ding, Jingyi | Dorrough, Josh | Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel | Sala, Osvaldo | Gross, Nicolas | Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann | Mallen-Cooper, Max | Saiz, Hugo | Asensio, Sergio | Ochoa, Victoria | Gozalo, Beatriz | Guirado, Emilio | García-Gómez, Miguel | Valencia, Enrique | Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime | Plaza, César | Abedi, Mehdi | Ahmadian, Negar | Ahumada, Rodrigo | Alcántara, Julio | Amghar, Fateh | Azevedo, Luísa | Ben Salem, Farah | Berdugo, Miguel | Blaum, Niels | Boldgiv, Bazartseren | Bowker, Matthew | Bran, Donaldo | Bu, Chongfeng | Canessa, Rafaella | Castillo-Monroy, Andrea | Castro, Ignacio | Castro-Quezada, Patricio | Cesarz, Simone | Chibani, Roukaya | Conceição, Abel Augusto | Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony | Davila, Yvonne | Deák, Balázs | Díaz-Martínez, Paloma | Donoso, David | Dougill, Andrew David | Durán, Jorge | Eisenhauer, Nico | Ejtehadi, Hamid | Espinosa, Carlos Ivan | Fajardo, Alex | Farzam, Mohammad | Foronda, Ana | Franzese, Jorgelina | Fraser, Lauchlan | Gaitán, Juan | Geissler, Katja | Gonzalez, Sofía Laura | Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth | Hernández, Rosa Mary | Hölzel, Norbert | Hughes, Frederic Mendes | Jadan, Oswaldo | Jentsch, Anke | Ju, Mengchen | Kaseke, Kudzai | Köbel, Melanie | Lehmann, Anika | Liancourt, Pierre | Linstädter, Anja | Louw, Michelle | Ma, Quanhui | Mabaso, Mancha | Maggs-Kölling, Gillian | Makhalanyane, Thulani | Issa, Oumarou Malam | Marais, Eugene | Mcclaran, Mitchel | Mendoza, Betty | Mokoka, Vincent | Mora, Juan | Moreno, Gerardo | Munson, Seth | Nunes, Alice | Oliva, Gabriel | Oñatibia, Gastón | Osborne, Brooke | Peter, Guadalupe | Pierre, Margerie | Pueyo, Yolanda | Emiliano Quiroga, R. | Reed, Sasha | Rey, Ana | Rey, Pedro | Gómez, Víctor Manuel Reyes | Rolo, Víctor | Rillig, Matthias | Le Roux, Peter | Ruppert, Jan Christian | Salah, Ayman | Sebei, Phokgedi Julius | Sharkhuu, Anarmaa | Stavi, Ilan | Stephens, Colton | Teixido, Alberto | Thomas, Andrew David | Tielbörger, Katja | Robles, Silvia Torres | Travers, Samantha | Valkó, Orsolya | van den Brink, Liesbeth | Velbert, Frederike | von Heßberg, Andreas | Wamiti, Wanyoike | Wang, Deli | Wang, Lixin | Wardle, Glenda | Yahdjian, Laura | Zaady, Eli | Zhang, Yuanming | Zhou, Xiaobing | Maestre, Fernando | University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW) | School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Sydney] (BEES) ; University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW) | New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage | Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU) | Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Universidad de Zaragoza = University of Zaragoza [Saragossa University] = Université de Saragosse | Universidad de Alicante | Université d'Alicante, Espagne (UA) | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) | Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM) | Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran] | European Project: 647038,ERC-2014-CoG,ERC-2014-CoG,BIODESERT(2016)
International audience
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation. To do this, we conducted a standardized global survey of 288 plots at 88 sites in 25 countries worldwide. We show that aridity and plant traits are the major factors associated with the magnitude of plant effects on fertile islands in grazed drylands worldwide. Grazing pressure had little influence on the capacity of plants to support fertile islands. Taller and wider shrubs and grasses supported stronger island effects. Stable and functional soils tended to be linked to species-rich sites with taller plants. Together, our findings dispel the notion that grazing pressure or herbivore type are linked to the formation or intensification of fertile islands in drylands. Rather, our study suggests that changes in aridity, and processes that alter island identity and therefore plant traits, will have marked effects on how perennial plants support and maintain the functioning of drylands in a more arid and grazed world.In global drylands, soils tend to be more fertile beneath tree, shrub and grass islands. Soil fertility was greater beneath taller and wider plants but was unaffected by either grazing pressure or the type of herbivore.
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