Estudio taxonómico y distribución de los poliquetos bentónicos en la zona intermareal de las provincias de Esmeraldas y Manabí (Ecuador) | Taxonomic study and distribution of the benthonics polichaeta in the intertidal zone of the provinces of Esmeraldas and Manabí (Ecuador)

Esta investigación tiene como propósito conocer la actividad biológica de la zona intermareal en el área de la costa ecuatoriana con la finalidad de determinar la taxonomía, distribución y abundancia de los poliquetos intermareales capturados en la zona estudiada, que servirán como línea de base para futuros Estudios de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) por las diversas alteraciones ambientales o contaminantes de origen antropogénica y por obras portuarias.

The taxonomy and distribution of the benthonics polichaeta were analyzed in the intertidal zone of Esmeraldas and Manabí, carried out in 11 localities with a qualitative-quantitative king of sampling during march 2003. Of the 11 studied stations from the beaches and an equal number in the rocky zone, 27 species of benthonics polichaetos were identified, many of them reported for the first time since there is no register or publication for the area of study. The smaller percentage presence of benthonics polichaetos was observed in the Esmeraldas area that includes 13% for the sandy area and 6,5% for the rocky area. However, more of 80% of specimens have been found in the stations that include the area of the province of Manabí. Here, the greater amount was taken from samples in which the sandy and rocky type of substrates predominated. The greater diversity of species (H= 1,91 and 1,72 bits) was in the rocky area of Manabí, where there was a predomination of the sedentary species that construd sandy tubes like Phragmatopoma californica and errant ones like Eurythoe complanata, Bhawania chryptocephala, Ceratonereis mirabilis, Nereis sp. (a-b) and Marphysa coralina. In the same way, the diversity of species (0,94 and 0,91 bits) was found in the sandy intertidal zone, represented by the errant polichaeta of the species Ceratonereis mirabilis, Neanthes diversicolor, Syllis elongata and excavators like Polyophthamus pictus, Capitella capitata, and Polydora websteri. The smaller diversity of species (H=0,10 bits) was found in the sandy substrates of Esmeraldas where there is a predomination of polichaetos type excavaters like Lumbrineris tetraura and errant ones like Neanthes succinea, Nephtys singularis. Among the rocks, the species Marphysa coralina and Phragmatopoma californica are present, forming groupings on the rocks.

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