Megabase level sequencing reveals contrasted organization and evolution patterns of the wheat gene and transposable element spaces
Choulet, Frédéric | Wicker, Thomas, T. | Rustenholz, Camille, C. | Paux, Etienne | Salse, Jerome | Leroy, Philippe | Schlub, Stéphane, S. | Le Paslier, Marie-Christine | Magdelenat, Ghislaine | Gonthier, Catherine, C. | Couloux, Arnaud, A. | Budak, Hikmet, H. | Breen, James, J. | Pumphrey, Michael, M. | Liu, Sixin, S. | Kong, Xiuying, X. | Jia, Jizeng, J. | Gut, Marta, M. | Brunel, Dominique, D. | Anderson, James, J. | Gill, Bikram, B. | Appels, Rudi, R. | Keller, Beat, B. | Feuillet, Catherine, C. | Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP) | Institute of Plant Biology [UZH, Zürich] ; Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH) | Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux (EPGV) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE) ; Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biological Science and Bioengineering Program ; Sabanci University [Istanbul] | Centre for Comparative Genomics ; Murdoch University [Perth] | Department of Plant Pathology, Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center ; Kansas State University | Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics ; University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN) ; University of Minnesota System (UMN)-University of Minnesota System (UMN) | National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Crop Science ; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) | Centre National de Génotypage (CNG) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique-Genoscope AP2008; Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-GPLA06001G;Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Turkish Academy of Sciences ; Swiss National Science Foundation 105620
L'article original est publié par The American Society of Plant Biologists
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. To improve our understanding of the organization and evolution of the wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome, we sequenced and annotated 13-Mb contigs (18.2 Mb) originating from different regions of its largest chromosome, 3B (1 Gb), and produced a 2x chromosome survey by shotgun Illumina/Solexa sequencing. All regions carried genes irrespective of their chromosomal location. However, gene distribution was not random, with 75% of them clustered into small islands containing three genes on average. A twofold increase of gene density was observed toward the telomeres likely due to high tandem and interchromosomal duplication events. A total of 3222 transposable elements were identified, including 800 new families. Most of them are complete but showed a highly nested structure spread over distances as large as 200 kb. A succession of amplification waves involving different transposable element families led to contrasted sequence compositions between the proximal and distal regions. Finally, with an estimate of 50,000 genes per diploid genome, our data suggest that wheat may have a higher gene number than other cereals. Indeed, comparisons with rice (Oryza sativa) and Brachypodium revealed that a high number of additional noncollinear genes are interspersed within a highly conserved ancestral grass gene backbone, supporting the idea of an accelerated evolution in the Triticeae lineages.
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