Disjunct populations of European vascular plant species keep the same climatic niches
Wasof, Safaa | Lenoir, Jonathan, Roger Michel Henri | Aarrestad, Per Arild | Alsos, Inger Greve | Armbruster, W. Scott | Austrheim, Gunnar | Bakkestuen, Vegar | Birks, H. John B. | Bråthen, Mari | Broennimann, Olivier | Brunet, Jorg | Bruun, Hans Henrik | Dahlberg, Carl Johan | Diekmann, Martin | Dullinger, Stefan | Dynesius, Mats | Ejrnaes, Rasmus | Gégout, Jean-Claude, J.-C. | Graae, Bente Jessen | Grytnes, Arvid | Guisan, Antoine | Hylander, Kristoffer | Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg S. | Kapfer, Jutta | Klanderud, Kari | Luoto, Miska | Milbau, Ann | Moora, Mari | Nygaard, Bettina | Odland, Arvid | Pauli, Harald | Ravolainen, Virve | Reinhardt, Stefanie | Sandvik, Sylvi Marlen | Schei, Fride Høistad | Speed, James D. M. | Svenning, Jens-Christian | Thuiller, Wilfried | Tveraabak, Liv Unn | Vandvik, Vigdis | Velle, Liv Guri | Virtanen, Risto | Vittoz, Pascal | Willner, Wolfgang | Wohlgemuth, Thomas | Zimmermann, Niklaus E., N. E. | Zobel, Martin | Decocq, Guillaume | Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 UPJV (EDYSAN) ; Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) | National Centre for Biosystematics [Oslo] ; Natural History Museum [Oslo] ; University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO) | University of Portsmouth | University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF) | Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU) ; Norwegian University of Science and Technology = Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet = Norjan teknis-luonnontieteellinen yliopisto (NTNU) | University of Bergen (UiB) | The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT) | Department of Ecology & Evolution ; Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | IT University of Copenhagen (ITU) | Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences [Stockholm] ; Stockholm University | Universität Bremen [Deutschland] = University of Bremen [Germany] = Université de Brême [Allemagne] | Universität Wien = University of Vienna | Department of Ecology and Environmental Science [Umeå] ; Umeå University = Umeå Universitet | Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Laboratoire de Biologie de la Conservation (LBC) ; Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Stockholm University | University of Iceland [Reykjavik] | Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) | Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) | Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki | Umeå University = Umeå Universitet | Tartu University Hospital | Telemark University College | Norwegian Polar Institute | University of Agder (UIA) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) ; Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Nesna University College | Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (Bioforsk) | Dept Biol ; University of Oulu [Finland] = Oulun yliopisto [Suomi] = Université d'Oulu [Finlande] | Département d'écologie et évolution ; Département d'écologie et évolution ; Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Vienna Institute for Nature Conservation and Analyses (VINCA) | Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL | Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich) | Institute of Botany and Ecology ; Faculty of Science and Technology [University of Tartu] ; Tartu Ülikool = University of Tartu [Estonie]-Tartu Ülikool = University of Tartu [Estonie]
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. Aim Previous research on how climatic niches vary across species ranges has focused on a limited number of species, mostly invasive, and has not, to date, been very conclusive. Here we assess the degree of niche conservatism between distant populations of native alpine plant species that have been separated for thousands of years. Location European Alps and Fennoscandia. Methods Of the studied pool of 888 terrestrial vascular plant species occurring in both the Alps and Fennoscandia, we used two complementary approaches to test and quantify climatic-niche shifts for 31 species having strictly disjunct populations and 358 species having either a contiguous or a patchy distribution with distant populations. First, we used species distribution modelling to test for a region effect on each species' climatic niche. Second, we quantified niche overlap and shifts in niche width (i.e. ecological amplitude) and position (i.e. ecological optimum) within a bi-dimensional climatic space. Results Only one species (3%) of the 31 species with strictly disjunct populations and 58 species (16%) of the 358 species with distant populations showed a region effect on their climatic niche. Niche overlap was higher for species with strictly disjunct populations than for species with distant populations and highest for arctic-alpine species. Climatic niches were, on average, wider and located towards warmer and wetter conditions in the Alps. Main conclusion Climatic niches seem to be generally conserved between populations that are separated between the Alps and Fennoscandia and have probably been so for 10,000-15,000 years. Therefore, the basic assumption of species distribution models that a species' climatic niche is constant in space and time-at least on time scales 104 years or less-seems to be largely valid for arctic-alpine plants.
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